SPOILER ALERT! The plot will be discussed.
We recently lost one of the quirkiest and most artistic
film directors, David Lynch. Some people hated his work, others love it, and those
who love some of his projects dislike others. In any event, he was a
challenging filmmaker. I was lucky enough to see Lynch in person at an
interview at the Bryn Mawr Film Institute. He related that he was an art
student in Philadelphia when he saw air blowing through a window which caused
his painting to move. He said it was then that he decided to make motion
pictures. He said living in Philadelphia was not a pleasant experience as he
observed violence and decay. However, the experience influenced his filmmaking.
His movies explore the underbelly of existence. Think of the opening scene in Blue
Velvet when the camera moves from the beauty of the garden to the insects
swarming over a human ear.
Lynch’s first full-length film, Eraserhead
(1977), in black and white, gives us that dark view in a surrealistic
landscape. To attempt to analyze this unique work in a traditional manner would
be unfair to the film. As Roger Ebert said, “to explain Eraserhead would
be like cutting a drum open to see what makes the noise – you may get your
answer, but you tend to ruin the drum in the process.” For myself, I feel like
the main character Henry Spencer (Jack Nance) when he is asked what he knows. His
response is, “Oh, I don’t know much of anything.” I think that may be a good way
to start to approach this movie. So, I will draw on my own perceptions, and
some from others.
The general view is that the story takes place in
either an alternative world or at least a sort of post-apocalyptic one on
Earth. Or, it is just an objectification of a Lynch nightmare. There is
artificial food, presumably the only kind that can exist, and procreation does
not end well. The whole of the film could be seen as a satire on how we as a
species have fallen from grace and are irreparably damaged.



The opening has a soundtrack that almost sounds like what
is in 2001: A Space Odyssey, when the astronaut flies through the
psychedelic light show toward the end of that film. We have the image of a man
in a suit, Henry with his high, frizzy hair, floating in space in front of what
appears to be a desolate planet. (I always thought, when I first saw the movie
poster, that Henry’s hair looked like an eraser which fits the title of the
film). The camera dives into a black hole where there is an emaciated,
disfigured man (or as Ebert suggests one who has burns) looking out a window
which evokes a silent scream from Henry. A diseased sperm seems to emanate from
Henry’s mouth. The man pulls a lever and the sperm is sucked into fluid where then
floats through another hole. Is this image supposed to be a grotesque version
of a conception?

Henry, sporting a nerdish pocket protector, walks through
a setting that is drab and barren, with mud, piles of dirt, and tall, filthy
buildings. The sound in the background sounds like the drone of machinery,
possibly a critique of a world becoming engulfed by mechanization.

He walks into a building that has zigzag carpeting in
its lobby, which is what Lynch uses later in his TV show, Twin Peaks. IMDb
notes that the pattern may have come from Stanley Kubrick’s influence on Lynch.
The effect is one of things being off kilter. The ironwork on the heavy
elevator doors has a Gothic feel to it. Henry’s apartment has dirt and grass in
it. An IMDb note says that Lynch may be suggesting that below the surface of
the human attempt at civilization, there will always be filth and creatures, “both
literally and figuratively.” The picture he has of his girlfriend, Mary X (Charlotte
Stewart), is in two pieces, one showing her head, as if she is decapitated (a
foreshadowing), and thus, a fragmented entity. (The “X” last name of Mary and
her parents seems to have something to do with the lack of true identity or
individuality).

The landscape appears even more hellish as we hear
crashing sounds and smoke emanating from the environment as Henry visits Mary X’s
house for the first time. The awkwardness of the meeting with her parents is
palpable. Henry scrunches in a corner of a couch, as if trying to recapture the
womb experience. We see puppies vying for milk from their mother, their
screeching sounds adding to the uncomfortable setting (more foreshadowing).
Henry responds that he is a label printer to Mrs. X (Jeanne Bates). But this
answer seems out of sync with the fact that Mary X seems to be having some sort
of seizure which is only calmed by her mother stroking her hair (a maternal act
that Mary X will not be able to sustain). Mr. X (Allen Joseph) says that he
remembers that the area used to be a pasture and has declined into a
“hellhole,” which implies how civilization has decimated nature. Grandmother (Jean
Lange) sits catatonic in the kitchen as Mrs. X places a salad bowl and tosses
its contents in her lap. It is humorous and upsetting at the same time, showing
the numbing of life here. There is a contorting mechanical cuckoo bird coming
out of the clock on the wall. IMDb states that the image may have come from
Billy Wilder’s The Lost Weekend, which is a story about an alcoholic experiencing
hallucinations. When Henry attempts to cut up a tiny man-made chicken,
it spouts oozing dark liquid and its cooked legs begin to move. It is now Mrs.
X who goes into a trance and has a fit. What an inviting meal. One will either
shake one’s head or laugh at the satiric thrust of this uber strange
boyfriend-meeting-the-family scene.

It gets stranger. Mrs. X confronts Henry by asking if he
and her daughter had sex. He is very embarrassed. She proceeds to nuzzle him saying
things could get worse. Quite an understatement. Mrs. X says there is a baby at
the hospital which is very immature. Mary X questions whether it even is a
baby, an accurate assessment. Ebert says the “child” could be “a cross between
a fetal version of E.T. and some form of skinned ruminant that has been plagued
with an eternal cold that causes it to cry, whine and spit up various forms of
goo practically around the clock.” Is the implication that this creature is
what the human trace is devolving into – a domestic atrocity? The existence of
this wild situation contrasts comically with Mary X asking Henry, like any
other wife, if there is any mail.
After Mary X leaves for home because she can’t stand
the situation, the child/creature becomes sick with facial pustules and
breathing problems. Henry tries being a regular father in this highly irregular
situation, taking temperatures and using a humidifier.

What follows is a nightmare, although reality in this film
is already unreal. Henry’s loudly hissing radiator divides and turns into a
stage revealing the smiling Lady in the Radiator (Laurel Near) with grotesquely
large jowls. Those deformed sperms from the beginning of the film begin falling
on her stage, which she squishes. Henry later encounters these entities
supposedly waking up from his sleep, adding to the disgusting aspect of the
film. He then has visions of the beautiful woman across the hall (Judith
Rogers), who may be a prostitute. They have sex in a tub of water that looks like
a witch’s cauldron. The Lady in the Radiator then sings, “In heaven, everything
is fine.” The lyrics are ironic since what Lynch is serving up for us is a view
of life that is far from heaven.

Henry then sees his own decapitation and his deformed
offspring replaces his missing head, as if that horror is what the future
holds. His head falls to the street and a boy takes it to a pencil factory
where the worker there drills into the skull. The extracted material is used to
make eraser head pencils. So, Henry, the nerd with the pocket protector, is an eraser
head before actually being reduced to one in this fever dream.

After waking, Henry, who moves like Frankenstein’s
monster here (is Lynch Dr. Frankenstein?), witnesses a savage beating from his
window, a foreshadowing of what is to come. (The music in the background at
this point sounds like sideshow carnival music. Send in the freaks?) He sees the
prostitute with a man who has rouge on his cheeks (clown make-up to fit the
sideshow feel?) entering her apartment. Henry pictures himself as the creature
of his dreams, with the body of a man and the head of his deformed child. He then
cuts through the bandages encasing the child, revealing its diseased organs. He
then kills the creature with the scissors. Is it a mercy killing or is he
trying to abort a decaying future?
Electrical lights blink in the apartment and outlets
spark, while Henry sees what appears to be a smooth dinosaur doll head in the
shadows. More about evolution? We return to that eerie globe at the beginning
that cracks open revealing a hole. The burned/deformed man from the beginning
reappears fighting with his levers. Is he a demonic god who has created this
fallen world? The last image is of Henry being embraced by the Lady in the
Radiator.
Is Henry living in an insane world, or is he himself
insane and all this surrealism emanating from his mind? Like the main character
in the movie Brazil who finds solace in insanity, is Henry embracing the
woman at the end who sings of heaven because that is as close as he can come to
escaping the madness? Your guess is as good as any.